OncoMatch/Clinical Trials/NCT06424301
Targeting NUDT21 siRNA Drugs for Patients With Refractory Retinoblastoma
Is NCT06424301 recruiting? Yes, currently enrolling (May 2026). This Early Phase 1 trial studies Targeting NUDT21 siRNA drugs for retinoblastoma.
Treatment: Targeting NUDT21 siRNA drugs — Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common intraocular malignancy in children, accounting for approximately 11% of all cancers diagnosed in children under the age of one. Although its incidence is relatively low-about 1 in 15,000 to 20,000 live births-RB has a high risk of intracranial metastasis via the optic nerve, often leading to poor prognosis in advanced cases. Recent advances in administration routes, such as intravitreal and intra-arterial chemotherapy, have significantly improved eye preservation rates. However, these strategies are limited by cumulative retinal toxicity and drug resistance. In refractory cases, enucleation remains the only definitive treatment to prevent extraocular spread and death. In light of these challenges, current research efforts are focused on developing novel targeted therapies that enhance anti-tumor efficacy while minimizing local toxicity. In this context, we introduce a first-in-class siRNA-based drug targeting NUDT21, which promotes tumor regression by modulating the 3'UTR tail of SMC1A, thereby suppressing tumor cell proliferation. Importantly, the siRNA drug selectively targets tumor cells, offering a favorable safety profile compared to conventional chemotherapeutic regimens. Given that both the target (NUDT21) and the mode of administration (intraocular siRNA injection) are novel in retinoblastoma treatment, there is an urgent need for early-phase investigator-initiated clinical research. This study is therefore designed to assess the short-term safety and preliminary efficacy of NUDT21 siRNA in patients with refractory retinoblastoma, and to provide an evidence base for future large-scale clinical trials.
Check if I qualifyExtracted eligibility criteria
Biomarker criteria
Required: RB1 germinal mutation
Required: RB1 somatic mutation
Prior therapy
Must have received: chemotherapy or radiotherapy — systemic, intraarterial or intravitreal chemotherapy or radiotherapy
relapsed or refractory with the use of systemic, intraarterial or intravitreal chemotherapy or radiotherapy
Cannot have received: chemotherapy or radiation therapy
History of having received treatment for retinoblastoma with chemotherapy or radiation therapy by any means within 30 days prior to inclusion in the study
Lab requirements
Kidney function
serum creatinine: < 45 μmol/L (0-2 years); < 57 μmol/L (3-6 years); < 60 μmol/L (7-10 years); < 80 μmol/L (11-13 years)
Liver function
serum ALT: < 0.52 μkat/L (9 months -12 years); serum AST: 61-80 g/L (8 months - 5 years); 63-83 g/L (5-9 years); 63-82 g/L (9-12 years)
Normal renal function: serum creatinine: < 45 μmol/L (0-2 years); < 57 μmol/L (3-6 years); < 60 μmol/L (7-10 years); < 80 μmol/L (11-13 years). Normal Hepatic function: serum ALT: < 0,52 μkat/L (de 9 months -12 years); serum AST: 61-80 g/L (8 months - 5 years); 63-83 g/L (5-9 years); 63-82 g/L (9-12 years).
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